Chronic prostatitis is a serious disease that occurs with periodic exacerbations, requiring long -term complex treatment. Inadequate therapy or its absence leads to the development of various complications, one of which is calculus prostatitis, one of the most severe forms of the disease. Calculus prostatitis develops from inert congestive prostatitis and is diagnosed in men over 65 years of age.
Calculus prostatitis
Any form of prostatitis is characterized by inflammation of the prostate gland, which can occur in acute or chronic form. Calculus prostatitis is a form of inflammation caused by the presence of calculus (stones) in the vas deferens of the prostate.
Chronic calculus prostatitis is a rare complicated inflammation of the prostate gland. It is preceded by years of inadequate therapy for chronic congestive prostatitis or prostate adenoma.
In most cases, complications are found in men who try to treat prostatitis on their own or do not follow the recommendations of the attending physician. Disruption of an arbitrary course of therapy, lack of complex treatment, or uncontrolled intake of independent medication leads to the development of complications. Often, the calculus form of inflammation of the prostate gland develops against the background of pathology equivalent to the kidneys and urinary system.
The formation of stones in the prostate gland can be caused by two factors. The first is urolithiasis. In this case, they are talking about secondary or false stones that do not form in the prostate, but migrate into it along the downward passage along with the urine. This occurs against the background of violations of the urinary system and as a result of decreased prostate tone, which causes reverse reflux of urine with stone fragments.
Primary stones or true stones form directly in the prostate. This is due to chronic violations of organ trophism. At the same time, salts and phosphates accumulate in the prostate, which, against the background of thickening of glandular secretions, form dense salt deposits - stones.
Calculus prostatitis does not occur immediately. This is usually due to failure to treat chronic inflammation of the prostate.
Causes of disease development
The development of calculus prostatitis is due to long -term dysfunction of the prostate gland or the corresponding disease of the male genital area. Factors that provoke the development of this form of the disease can be:
- congestive prostatitis with a chronic course;
- chronic infectious prostatitis;
- BPH;
- malignant neoplasms in the body;
- urolithiasis disease;
- kidney disorders.
Stone structures can be organic and inorganic, their diameter rarely exceeding 4 mm. The organic structure of the stone is due to the secretory stagnation of the prostate, the stone is formed directly in the secretory of the prostate.
Inorganic stones enter the prostate due to urethro-prostatic reflux. This phenomenon is observed when the tone of the prostate gland becomes weak and consists of reflux of urine from the urethra into the prostate duct. As a result, dense stones are formed, composed of salts and phosphates, which are excreted from the body with urine.
Among the factors influencing the development of calculus prostatitis, there are lifestyle violations against the background of chronic inflammation in the prostate. These include an unbalanced diet rich in fatty and heavy foods, lack of a regular sexual life.
Calculus prostatitis is diagnosed in men who have lived with chronic prostatitis for more than 10 years. In many ways, the development of this form of the disease is associated with improper or untimely treatment for a sluggish inflammatory process.
Urolithiasis increases the likelihood of calculus prostatitis.
Symptoms of the disease
The symptoms and treatment of chronic calculus prostatitis are not much different from the signs of inflammation against the background of congestion in the pelvic organs. Patient complaints include:
- frequent urge to urinate;
- heaviness in the rectum;
- pain after urination;
- potential weakness;
- ejaculatory disorders;
- blood in urine and semen.
It is the presence of blood in the urine or semen that makes it possible to suspect the calculus form of the disease before a visit to the doctor. At the moment of corresponding muscle tension, during ejaculation or urination, the stone moves and injures the prostate gland tissue. As a result, blood is found in the urine.
As a rule, the calculus form of prostatitis is always accompanied by a violation of sexual function. This can manifest as a potential weakness, and a problem with ejaculation. Men often complain about the impossibility of reaching climax during intercourse.
However, in some cases, calcified prostatitis may be asymptomatic. This is observed in the formation of small rocks.
A distinctive feature of this form of prostatitis is the presence of blood in the urine.
Diagnosis of the disease
The diagnosis of calculus prostatitis is carried out on the basis of the same examination that reveals chronic inflammation.
To make a diagnosis, you must take the following exams:
- palpation of the prostate rectum;
- Ultrasound or TRUS;
- MRI;
- analysis of prostate secretion.
During palpation of the rectum of the organ, the doctor clearly feels the heterogeneity of the prostate gland, which is indicated by the presence of tubercles and depression in the organ. If the stone is large, it is clearly felt on palpation. Also, prostate massage in the presence of stones can be painful and accompanied by the release of blood after manipulation, which is caused by damage to organ tissue due to the presence of dense salt deposits.
On ultrasound or TRUS, stones are distinguished by increased echogenicity. Such an inspection allows you to accurately assess the location of the stone, its size, contours and even its structure.
In addition, renal ultrasound and urethrography may be required to exclude the secondary nature of stone formation against the background of diseases of the urinary system.
On ultrasound, the presence of stones, their location and size are well determined.
Principles of treatment
Treatment of coral prostatitis is a long process. Therapy aims to stop inflammation, relieve symptoms, destroy stones and prevent re -formation. As a rule, the course of treatment lasts at least a month.
Treatment of calculus prostatitis begins with symptomatic therapy, which is based on the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics and alpha blockers. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs relieve pain and improve well-being. Antibacterial therapy is carried out only if calculus prostatitis develops against the background of infectious inflammation in the prostate, and pathogenic microorganisms are detected during the examination. Preparations of the alpha blocker group are indicated for the development of urinary disorders. These medications soothe the bladder and facilitate the excretion of urine.
An important role in the treatment of calculus prostatitis is given to physiotherapy, aimed at improving prostate trophism. Electrophoresis, magnetotherapy, shock wave therapy are practiced.
If the calculi are large, it is possible to perform surgery to remove them. Minimally invasive methods and laser surgery are commonly used.
Medium -sized stones are successfully crushed by lasers. The procedure is performed on an outpatient basis, is completely painless and takes no more than 20 minutes. If there are several miles, a course of procedure is prescribed.
With calculus prostatitis, prostate massage is prohibited, as this leads to damage to the organ tissue when the stone moves.
How to cure calculus prostatitis - it depends on the size of the stone and the symptoms of the disease. With small stones, treatment is carried out with the help of drugs and physiotherapy, aimed, among other things, at crushing the stones. Large stones are removed surgically. The operation was performed under anesthesia.
Possible Complications
Calculus prostatitis is dangerous with the risk of developing abscesses in the prostate gland. Such complications require immediate hospitalization and surgical intervention, otherwise the abscess may open on its own, leading to the development of sepsis.
Lack of adequate and timely therapy can lead to the development of paraproctitis. The disease is characterized by inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue surrounding the rectum. Purulent inflammation can lead to dangerous consequences, up to sepsis and infection on the whole organism.
One of the most common complications in the absence of timely treatment for calculus prostatitis is erectile dysfunction. Often, the presence of stones in the prostate leads to infertility.
The possibility of complications is determined during examination and diagnosis. In addition, during the treatment of calculus prostatitis, patients are shown ultrasound and normal prostate secretion analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of the selected treatment regimen.
The most common consequence is a potential violation.
Disease prevention
Despite the fact that calculus prostatitis can be cured, the attending physician always warns about the risk of recurrence of stones. To prevent this from happening, a man needs to follow some recommendations.
Prevention of recurrence of the disease is reduced to a balanced diet, regular sexual activity. Fatty and spicy foods that affect the function of the urinary system should be avoided. Make sure you quit bad habits and exercise regularly to avoid blood and lymph stasis in the pelvic organs.
Since calculus prostatitis is often a complication of chronic prostatitis, specific prevention of the disease is reduced to timely treatment of prostate inflammation. You should follow your doctor’s recommendations and not try to treat prostatitis on your own.
Often, men dealing with the disease do not pay due attention to the symptoms, in the hope that the discomfort will go away on its own. As a result, prostatitis goes untreated and can persist in a latent form for years, periodically manifesting itself with exacerbations. It is important to understand that timely visits to the doctor and adequate therapy will relieve the disease in a few months.
Another common mistake that leads to the development of calculus prostatitis is to stop treatment of chronic inflammation at the first increase. As a result, the disease is not treated and will definitely be felt when immunity is reduced.
Therefore, to prevent the formation of stones in the prostate, you should follow a few rules:
- consult a doctor in a timely manner;
- follow expert instructions strictly;
- don't let the disease linger.
Every man who has prostatitis should undergo an annual examination by a urologist.